Roof Inspection is an assessment of a home’s roofing materials and its components. It can help homeowners avoid costly problems, like mold, mildew and ruined furnishings caused by a leaky roof.

Inspectors check a roof’s condition, including shingles, underlayment and flashing. They also examine chimneys, skylights and other roof penetrations to ensure that they are secure and sealed properly.

1. Shingles

The roof is the protector of a home from moisture, and it’s essential that this shield is in good condition to protect the structure from water damage. A regular inspection can identify issues that might be causing shingles to deteriorate faster than they should, such as missing or cracked shingle strips, poor ventilation, and more. This can prevent leaks or other costly problems from developing down the line. In a real estate transaction, this inspection can help buyers understand the state of the roof and may even encourage them to ask for repairs or a price adjustment depending on the severity of the findings.

A shingle roof can last up to 30 years, but without a proper inspection it could become damaged or in need of replacement sooner. Broken asphalt or architectural shingles, moss growth, dry rot, and other problems can result in expensive repair bills. This is why it’s important to perform a visual inspection from the ground level and with the use of binoculars before and after major weather events.

An inspector will look for any shingle pieces that are missing, cracked, or falling off the roof. They will also examine the flashing around the chimney, sunroof, and vent pipes to ensure there are no cracks or damage that might cause leaks. The inspector will check gutters to make sure they are free of branches, leaves, dirt, and debris that might cause clogs. They will also look for rust or other signs of corrosion on the metal roof components.

If the inspector notices that a large amount of grit is falling from the shingles, this is an indication that there’s a problem with the roof. They will also look for a high number of shingle pieces that are curling upward, which can cause water to seep into the house. The inspector will also look for bare spots on the shingles, which can indicate the need to replace them. A professional roofing contractor can install new shingles and correct the problem. They can also seal the nails to help keep moisture from entering the home.

2. Flashing

Flashing is a sheet of impervious material that seals vulnerable areas like roof edges, chimneys, vents, and wall intersections. It is typically made of metal but can be other materials like plastic or rubber. Skilled inspectors carefully examine the flashing to determine if it is installed in a way that will prevent moisture from entering a building and look for any signs of water penetration. They also check the condition of the flashing and its sealant, as well as any exposed or dislodged parts.

Inspectors will also check the condition of gutters, downspouts, and their ground-level terminations. They will also look for signs of sagging in the roof rafters. These are all indicators that a roof needs repair or replacement, and can lead to significant damage.

The inspector will also look for any visible signs of moisture problems inside the building, such as water stains on walls or ceilings, or dampness or mold in the attic. They will also check for moss or algae growth, which can indicate poor drainage and excessive moisture.

If a homeowner notices any of these signs, they should call a professional to inspect the roof and fix any potential issues. Regular inspections can help homeowners and business owners maintain the life of their roofs, as they can catch any problems before they become severe.

In addition to examining the roof shingles and flashing, a skilled inspector will also examine the condition of roof penetrations, which are the holes cut in the roof for equipment such as skylights and AC units. They will look to see if these are flashed according to the manufacturer’s specifications and examine them for any signs of leaks or deterioration. They will also examine the condition of the caulking that seals these penetrations to ensure it is still intact and in good condition. If the caulking is deteriorating, an inspector will recommend it be replaced soon. Inspectors will also look for any flashing around these penetrations that may have been damaged or corroded over time, and recommend any needed repairs.

3. Gutters

Gutters are an essential component of a roof’s drainage system. They channel rainwater from the building’s foundation and prevent it from seeping into the basement or crawl space. Inspectors will look for clogs, damage to gutters and downspouts, and other signs of improper installation or neglect. They’ll also ensure that downspouts and gutter drains are free from debris and obstructions and adequately sloped to direct water away from the house.

In addition, inspectors will examine the gutter system’s structural integrity and look for signs of rust or corrosion. Inspectors may also check for gaps and deterioration around chimneys, vent pipes, skylights, or other roof penetrations. They will also check for proper eave flashing and shingles to ensure that they are sealed properly.

During this part of the inspection, the inspector will check for shingle granules in the gutters and downspouts. This will help determine the approximate remaining useful life of the shingles. They’ll also check for moss, lichen, or other organic growth that can cause leaks and roof damage. Inspectors will also note any signs of moisture or mold in the attic, which may indicate a roof leak.

As with the shingles and flashing, gutters are a significant factor in a roof’s longevity. A well-designed, functional gutter system will extend the life of the roof and reduce maintenance needs and repair costs.

4. Ventilation

During a roof inspection, the inspector will look for signs of ventilation problems. This is because a well-ventilated attic can help prevent a wide variety of roofing issues, including ice dams and attic mold. In addition, proper ventilation can help regulate temperature and moisture levels in the attic, which is important for overall home comfort and energy efficiency.

Similarly, the inspector will examine your gutters for any clogs or other physical damage that could impact downspout flow. They will also check that your gutters are directing water away from the foundation, rather than toward it. This is essential for preventing flooding and erosion that can lead to basement leaks, foundation damage, and other structural issues.

Another critical part of a roof inspection is the examination of the soffit and fascia, which are the components that hold up your roof. The inspector will check for rot, fungus, mold, or other damage to these structures, as well as any signs of pests. The inspector will also look for any signs of sagging or unevenness, which can indicate the need for a roof replacement or structural repair.

In addition, the inspector will look at your roof’s insulation to ensure that it is of the correct R-value for your geographic location and that it has not become compacted or otherwise compromised. Finally, the inspector will check that all exhaust vents are properly directed to the outside of your house and that the intake vents are not blocked by shingles or other debris.

A roof inspection is a vital part of a home maintenance routine that can help you avoid costly repairs and extend the lifespan of your roof. It is recommended that you schedule a roof inspection at least once per year, or more frequently in areas that are prone to extreme weather conditions. A roof inspection is not the same as a 4-Point Inspection, which is typically required by insurance companies and focuses on four specific areas of your home. To learn more about the differences between these services, click here.